Dutch+East+Indies

Hey kids, Lukach giving feedback on the Prezi and Wiki. Your wiki is pretty solid. The answers are generally pretty good, with good insight. Your feedback on the primary sources in particular is strong. It's a bit sloppy in some places, but otherwise good. **38/40** The Prezi has some excellent transitions, but Prezi is more than just cool transitions. You should try to create a visual picture of your content, and what you mostly did in stead was copy stuff directly from the wiki and put it into the Prezi. It was pretty text heavy. Your presentation styles were all pretty similar, and it reflected the Prezi: lots of reading. 16/20 It's hard to tell who worked on the prezi, but it's fairly clear that Alyssa was the primary contributor to the wiki, with Brian playing a strong second role. Jane your role seems a bit limited. I cannot tell who worked on the Prezi, and let me know if it was Jane. Otherwise, Alyssa and Brian, 20/20, Jane 16/20.

Dutch East Indies


1. Who colonized your territory, and when?

The Dutch East India Company colonized the Dutch East Indies in the 1800s. A company, the VOC (Dutch East India Company), colonized the Dutch East Indies. This was something that had never been heard of before.

2. Was the colonization violent or peaceful?

It was a violent colonization because Indonesia fought the Dutch and did not want to be Dutch oriented. Due to many wars, such as the Padri War, the Java War and the Napoleonic War, the colonization is perceived as a very violent, blood thirsty event in history. The Dutch were very dominant in war as they prevailed in most.

3. In one paragraph, describe the life of the indigenous people before the Europeans showed up.

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Before the Dutch Invasion, The Dutch East Indies (formally known as Java) was a small isolated island of modern Indonesia. Java was surrounded by a chain of volcanic mountains and highlands that separated Java from the rest of the world. The main communication in Java was by rivers; although, the rivers were not very long which made communication difficult. Two main rivers called the Brantas and Sala rivers were the only ones that could provide long distance communication. Java had a few small road systems, which were paved and improved with tollbooths after the Dutch took power. Their road systems were not well built and not safe in bad weather, which made transportation in the winter difficult. The people used buffalo and carts to travel along these long roads. During the 16 th centaury, Islam became the dominant religion in Java, dominating previous Hinduism and Buddhism. The people living in Java lived in small homes near one another and near areas were farming agriculture was possible. Population in Java was not large, and in the 1800s, there was a population of 5 million people. Politics in Java, like most small colonies, was very small. The capitals and main cities were in the valleys, and they used a simple tax system until the Dutch expanded taxes and created a Cultivation system. Farming and agriculture was the main food source in Java, but it was not stable. Often, Java would go through long periods of famine, which resulted in their small population. Java grew much rice and wheat until the Dutch introduced them to a bigger variety of food plants such as cassava and maize. Although Java was not completely stable, they were very peaceful until 1596, when a four-ship expedition, which was led by Cornelis de Houtman, contacted Java looking for nutmeg, cubeb peppers, and Maluku. After the Dutch East Indies Company took off in 1602 and led to the Dutch taking complete control in 1800s, a civil war broke out in Java and this shattered the previous peace in Java. The Dutch improved Java with new systems stabilizing their society, but took their individuality and identity along the way.====== (The mountains and volcanic border of Java)

4. What did the European colonizer hope to economically gain in taking this territory?

 When taking this territory, the Europeans were able to swap Indian goods for British settlements in Indonesia [i.e. Bengkulu], this is what started it off. As well as this being a motive, trade was a very important and economically significant factor of the East Indies. Trade was their main income in their economy and having power of it was much desired. Plantations were also established within the Dutch East Indies which were a huge contribution to the industrialization of the Netherlands. The plantations brought in an immense amount of money for the Dutch East Indies and when colonized, the money went to the European colonizer as well. Previous to World War II, most of the world's pepper and quinine was produced in the Dutch East Indies, as well as one third of the world's rubber. These popular items were a great motive for the Dutch East India Company.

5. Identify 3 key characters in the process of colonization. At least one should be European, and at least one should be indigenous.

Johannes van den Bosch was a Govenor-General who was elected to be the representative for the VOC that was put into position to force the Dutch East Indies to pay their way. This introduced the Cultivation System which in turn, transformed a large porportoin of Java into a plantation, which then saved the Netherlands from bankruptcy. Kusno Sosrodihardjo, also known as Sukarno, was the first president of Indonesia, also assisting in the gain of independence. He was a leader of the Partai Nasional Indonesia, a pro-independence party founded in 1927. Vice President to Sukarno, Mohammad Hatta worked with Sukarno in the successful fight for independence. Often called //Bung Hatta,// Bung being a term of endearment for colleagues and friends, Hatta had an amazing education background. Fighting against the Dutch, Hatta actually studied for many years in the Netherlands.

6. How long was your territory a colony? When did it gain independence, and why?:

The Dutch East Indies was a colony from 1800-1942. The Indonesian declared for independence in 1945, which led to the Indonesian National Revolution. The Indonesian National Revolution was a period of time between 1945 and 1949 when the Republic of Indonesia, lead by Sukarno and Muhammad Hatta, declared their independence. It was one of the biggest revolutions in the twelfth century and led to wars of many sorts, such as violent as well as political. Indonesia finally prevailed in 1949, finally gaining its independence.

//**Sukarno and Muhammad Matta**//

7. In general, do you think that colonization was a good thing for your territory?

When the Dutch East Indies were colonized by the VOC, the Netherlands were saved from bankruptcy by the Cultivation System which was introduced by the Dutch East India Company. Although the Dutch East Indies was at its economic peak for some time during colonization, internal corruption soon lead to the destruction of the Dutch East India Company's reign. This gave way for the East Indies' government to return into power. The Dutch East India Company made a long term, positive mark on the Dutch East Indies, despite the fact that they over threw the VOC.

8. Find two primary sources that are affiliated with your colonization. Primary Source one: Written by J Mangus (Charter of the Dutch West India Company) on June 3 1621

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"That for the Term of four and twenty Years, none of the Natives or Inhabitants of these countries shall be permitted to sail to or from the said lands, or to traffic on the coast and countries of Africa from the Tropic of Cancer to the Cape of Good Hope, nor in the countries of America, or the West-Indies, beginning at the fourth end of Terra Nova, by the streights of Magellan, La Maire, or any other streights and passages situated thereabouts to the straights of Anian, as well on the north sea as the south sea, nor on any islands situated on the one side or the other, or between both; nor in the western or southern countries reaching, lying, and between both the meridians, from the Cape of Good Hope, in the East, to the east end of New Guinea, in the West, inclusive, but in the Name of this United Company of these United Netherlands. And whoever shall presume without the consent of this Company, to sail or to traffic in any of the Places within the aforesaid Limits granted to this Company, he shall forfeit the ships and the goods which shall be found for sale upon the aforesaid coasts and lands; the which being actually seized by the aforesaid Company, shall be by them kept for their own Benefit and Behoof. And in case such ships or goods shall be sold either in other countries or havens they may touch at, the owners and partners must be fined for the value of those ships and goods"======

Primary Source two: Painted by maestro Raden Saleh portrays the arrest of Diponegoro.


9. How do these primary sources help to explain the attitudes of the colonized and the colonizers?:

The first primary sources helps to explain the attitudes of the colonizers because it was written by J Mangus, charter of the Dutch East India Company. Mangus was an educated man who was responsible for the motives of the Dutch East India Company. Mangus wrote this letter in 1621, the year after the Dutch landed on Java and before the Dutch began their aggressive quest to take them over. Mangus's letter demonstrates the motives of the colonizers by revealing their hunger for power and merciless nature towards the people living in the different colonies. Mangus demonstrates their aggressive strive for power when he says, " And whoever shall presume without the consent of this Company, to sail or to traffic in any of the Places within the aforesaid Limits granted to this Company, he shall forfeit the ships and the goods which shall be found for sale upon the aforesaid coasts and lands; the which being actually seized by the aforesaid Company, shall be by them kept for their own Benefit and Behoof". This reveals the attitudes of the colonizers because it shows that their sole motives were for benefiting the company. This document illustrates their aggressive attitude for power and their willingness to punish anyone in their way by making fines and not allowing other good to be traded unless it benefits the company. The motives seen in J Mangus' letter exemplifies the attitudes of the colonizers which led to the imperialization of the Dutch East Indies. The second primary source helps explain the attitudes of the colonized people of the Dutch East Indies. This painting was done by Maestro Raden Saleh, who was an educated teacher in Java and highly respected. In this painting, it shows Dinponegoro being arrested by the Dutch. Dipongero was a very admired man and was the prince of the Javanese, who fought for Java in the war against the Dutch. For this reason, he was arrested. This painting shows the negative feelings of the people of Java towards the Dutch by the body language of the people. All of the people from Java are kneeling down in a respectful manor to Dipongero. The Dutch on the other hand are standing above him, forcefully pushing him, showing no respect. This painting demonstrates how they felt the Dutch were disrespectful and forceful. The dutch did'nt care about the cultre and politics of the people living in Java, but they only cared for what benifited them as seen by their arrest of Dipongero. This demonstrates their force becasue they use their power and authority over the people in Java and take complete control withouth their consent. Raden Saleh captures the attitudes of the people in Java towards the Dutch by revealing their disrespectful and forceful nature.

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Sites: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Indonesia http://www.uhh.hawaii.edu/~csav/gallery/decker/images/Kelut.jpg http://avalon.law.yale.edu/17th_century/westind.asp http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/02/19/taking-a-fresh-look-diponegoro.html http://www.bl.uk/learning/histcitizen/trading/timeline/timeline.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johannes_van_den_Bosch