Bolivia

Lukach checking in with feedback on your wiki and prezi.

The wiki has some good answers, but on the whole, they feel a bit under-developed. I think you could have gone more in-depth on the answers. Your pictures are nice additions, and I appreciate you being so thorough in listing your sources. **37/40**

Your Prezi was pretty sharp. The highlight was the way that you compared the two pictures, and visually arranged them in a way that was extremely effective. The one drawback is that at times it's a bit heavy. Both of you had similar presentation styles: excellent knowledge of the material, solid engagement of the audience, but at times a tad bit too much reading. **18/20**

In looking at the participation, it looks like Maddie (aka "Bolivia Priory") did most of the work on the wiki. Unfortunately, I can't tell if Maddie did the prezi, so I think what is most fair is to give Maddie 20/20 and Maggie 17/20. However, if Maggie did more on the Prezi, please let me know.

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=Bolivian National Flag=

Bolivia was named after Simon Bolivar, who escaped Spanish rule.Bolivar helped in the process of gaining freedom from Spain for Latin America. Bolivia, however, was colonized by the Spanish. The colonization started around 1524 and ended approximately in 1533. Bolivia was known as "Upper Peru" and was under the control of the Viceroy of Lima. Francisco Pizarro, Diego de Almagro, and Hernando de Luque were the main leaders of the Incan conquest.
 * 1.** **Who colonized your territory, and when?**

The colonization of the Incas was a violent one. Throughout the whole colonial period, Natives began rebelling against Bolivia. When the Inca leader Huayna Capac died in 1527, Huascar and Atahualpa, his sons, fought over who would rule. Later, Pizarro arrived to the Incas and formed alliances with the Indians. As a result, Pizarro took Atahualpa as his prisoner and executed him. The sons of the prior ruler had to be killed in order to have had Bolivia colonized. The Spaniards hungered for more power, and they could not obtain that power with the old, traditional Inca leader still in place. The Bolivian colonization was violent and forceful as a result of the Spaniards desire for control, and yearning for the restructure of the inca people and practices.
 * 2. Was the colonization violent or peaceful?**

Originally, the Aymará indigenous people lived in Bolivia's territory. They were later taken over by the Incas. The Incas spoke Quechua, and held architecture as their most important art form. The incas were also advanced in technology and made weapons mainly out of wood, copper, and bronze. They believed in cranial deformation and also performed surgery on the skull. The inca were great farmers as well and they are known for harvesting about two hundred types of potatoes as well as coca. The Incas' power was later seized by the Spaniards in 1538.
 * 3. In one paragraph, describe the life of the indigenous people before the Europeans showed up.**

The European colonizer hoped to gain silver because it was an important profit for the Spanish Empire. Bolivia, specifically Potosí had rich silver mines which attracted the Spanish.
 * 4. What did the European colonizer hope to economically gain in taking this territory?**


 * 5. Identify 3 key characters in the process of colonization. At least one should be European, and at least one should be indigenous.**

1. __Francisco Pizarro__ arrived to the Inca's in 1526. He and his men noted that the Incan civilization held many valuable resources such as silver, coca, and copper. Pizzaro went to Spain to gain approbation from the Queen of Spain. He did, and conquered the civilization in 1529. Pizarro later died in 1541.

2. __Atahualpa__ was the emperor of the Incas when Pizarro took over. Pizarro's troops invaded Cajamarca and seized Atahualpa from his throne. They then manipulated Atahualpa so that they could gain access to the riches that the Inca empire/ (now Bolivian) landscape held. These riches included metals such as gold and silver. Pizarro and his men ordered Atahualpa to pack a big room full of gold and other precious medals. Atahualpa did this in hopes of obtaining his freedom again, but instead the Spaniards killed Atahualpa. He was followed by his brothers, however the spanish had already gained power over the Incas with the execution of their leader.



3. __Manco Inca Yupanqui__ followed the short rule of Tupac Huallpa. He made the inca empires allys of the Spanish after they had brutally executed their former leader (Atahualpa). Manco repeatedly tried to regain his inca empire from the Spanish rule, but failed. In one of his rebellions he collected 20,000 of his warriors to take re-capture a city, Manco gained power of the city, but only for a couple of days until the Spaniards seized it. In 1544 Manco was viciously murdered. He is another, well known emperor who acted as a martyr for the inca people before their empire ended forever.

The Bolivian War of Independence began 1809. The war lasted for 16 years and Bolivia finally became a republic on August 6, 1825. It was a colony for 16 years.
 * 6. How long was your territory a colony? When did it gain independence, and why?**



In some ways, the colonization of Bolivia was a good thing. Silver was discovered in Potosi, which then made that city the biggest mining capital in South America. In addition, if there wouldn't have been a colonization in the beginning, then Bolivia would have never, or would've taken longer to gain independence. Another result of the colonization was that new cities were built such as La Paz and Santa Cruz. This also helped in the popularity of silver and it made Potosi the largest city in the Americas at that time.
 * 7. In general, do you think that colonization was a good thing for your territory?**

European:
 * 8. Find two primary sources that are affiliated with your colonization. One must be European, one must be indigenous. (embed them in your wiki)**

Indigenous: These two depictions are of the same event, Atahualpa's capture. The European depiction by Pierre Duflos shows the caputure of Atahualpa. Pizarro, pictured pointing, is arresting Atahualpa. This picture portrays the indigenous as guilty. Pizarro is pictured pointing accusatory at Atahualpa. Duflos also portrays Atahualpa and the Incas with European features, which ultimately conveys that the Inca people and Atahualpa's identity as Incas, were taken away when the Europeans failed to recognize their individuality.
 * 9. How do these primary sources help to explain the attitudes of the colonized and the colonizers?**

The indigenous view of the capture, by Felipe Guaman Poma de Ayala, shows Atahualpa in traditional Incan clothes with two of his guards in front of him. The Europeans are threatening them with spears, and the picture shows the clear difference between the technology, specifically armor, of the European and indigenous people. This picture is reliable because it is by Felipe Guaman Poma, an indigenous artist who portrayed the mistreatment of the Indigenous Incas by the Spaniards in the colonization process. Even his name, Felipe, conveys how much the Spanish influence took over Inca culture. He is well known for his publication through pictures of events in Inca history.

Websites Used: https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/bl.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Bolivia#Spanish_colonial_period http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivia#Colonial_period http://www.iexplore.com/dmap/Bolivia/History http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inca_Empire http://www.answers.com/topic/bolivia http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+bo0014) http://www.mtholyoke.edu/~cehorans/history.htm#spanish http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atahualpa http://www.historycooperative.org/journals/cp/vol-03/no-04/potosi/ http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=lEoAkGmA9FcC&oi=fnd&pg=PR9&dq=bolivia+pizarro+colonization&ots=N- EKXGCePT&sig=Sft2oQPiL1cRYUc07LafPRqRgSU#v=onepage&q=&f=false http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felipe_Guaman_Poma_de_Ayala

Pictures: http://www.33ff.com/flags/XL_flags/Bolivia_flag.gif  http://dollardaze.org/blog/posts/2009/February/02/1/AtahualpaCapture.jpg http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felipe_Guaman_Poma_de_Ayala http://www.infoperu.com/pics/cities/atahualpa.jpg http://daphne.palomar.edu/scrout/AIS120/Francisco-Pizarro-um1540.png 1760 and 1810 by Pierre Duflos

http://www.pusinsuyu.com/fr/assets/images/Tupaj_Amaru_Inka.jpg